The Light of Srimad Bhagavad Gita

Chapter XI

Viswaroopa Darsana


The Lord, Sri Krisna has revealed the secret of the universe and spirituality, also about the power of the human mind and its helplessness etc. through the ten previous chapters (I-X). But Arjuna was not fully convinced. Therefore Sri Krisna was compelled to give Arjuna the vision of his universal person making him ready for the performance of his moral obligation to fight against Kauravas. Sri Krisna was pleased to have Arjuna the divine vision of His universal divine form covering the whole universe. This vision made Arjuna to belive that there is nothing beyond Krisna and he got ready forthwith to fight.

It is very difficult to convince a person of the Supreme consciousness unless he is inclined to it with deep devotion.

arjuna uvāca

mad-anugrahāya paramaṁ
guhyam adhyātma-samjñitam
yat tvayoktaṁ vacastena
moho 'yaṁ vigato mama
1

Arjuna said: I am very thankful to you for the deep spiritual wisdom imparted to me with love and affection. The delusion existed in me has completely vanished. As a result of the profound knowledge imparted to Arjuna he felt very happy and his doubts were disappeared. Krisna revealed to Arjuna the subtle and sacred knowledge. It is said that great seer’s words are light.



bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṁ
śrutau vistaraśo mayā
tvattah kamala-patrākṣa
māhātmyam api cāvyayam
2

Arjuna said: I have heard from you the details of evolution and the final dissolution of beings and about the immortal glory of your status.



evam etad yathāttha tvam
ātmānaṁ parameśvara
draṣṭum icchāmi te rūpam
aiśvaraṁ puruṣottama
3

Arjuna continued: I have no doubt that what you have said is true, yet I am eager to see your Supreme divine person of glory, wisdom, energy, strength, valour and brightness.



manyase yadi tacchakyaṁ
mayā draṣṭum iti prabho
yogeśvara tato me tvaṁ
darśayātmānam avyayam
4

Arjuna prayed: Krisna, If you find I am eligible, kindly reveal your Supreme imperishable form to me.



śrī-bhagavān uvāca
paśsya me pārtha rūpāni
śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ
nānā-vidhāni divyāni
nānā-varnākṛtīni ca
5

Krisna said: You see my hundreds and thousands of divine forms in different colours and shapes.



paśyādityān vasūn rudrān
aśvinau marutastathā
bahūny adṛṣṭa-pūrvāṇi
paśyaścaryāṇi bhārata
[6]

ihaika-sthaṁ jagat kṛtsnaṁ
paśyādya sa-carācaram
mama dehe guḍākeśa
yaccānyad draṣṭum icchasi
[7]

Arjuna, You may see suns vasus, Rudras (the god of destruction), Aswini Devas, wind Gods etc. You may also see other wonderful forms you have never seen before. Krisna asked Arjuna: Behold in Me all the animate and inanimate beings and whatever else you want to see.



na tu māṁ sakyase draṣṭum
anenaiva sva-cakṣuṣā
divyaṁ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ
paśya me yogam aiśvaram
8

You cannot see My supreme person by your naked eyes. And I therefore give you the divine eye by which you can see My supreme yogic form.



sanjaya uvāca

evam uktvā tato rājan
mahā-yogeśvaro hariḥ
darśayāmasa pārthāya
paramaṁ rūpam aiśvaram
9

Sanjaya told Drutharastra that Sri Krisna showed his Supreme person to Arjuna.



aneka-vaktra-nayanam
anekadbhūta-darśanam
aneka-divyābharanaṁ
divyānekodyatāyudham
[10]

divya-mālyāmbara-dharaṁ
divya-gandhānulepanam
sarvāścarya-mayaṁ devam
anantaṁ viśvato-mukham
[11]

Arjuna saw the wonderful cosmic form of Sri Krisna possessing many mouths and eyes, wearing many divine ornaments and with lifted weapons, wearing divine garments and cloths covered by sandal-pastes all over the body and infinite faces directed to all sides. Arjuna saw the divine cosmic form, very much shining and spreading light around.



divi sūrya-sahasrasya
bhaved yugapadutthitā
yadi bhāh sadṛśī sā syād
bhāsastasya mahātmanaḥ
12

Arjuna saw the Divine effulgence as if thousand suns rising forth, spreading lights around.



tatraika-sthaṁ jagatkṛtsnaṁ
pravibhaktamanekadhā
apaśyad deva-devasya
śarīre pāṇḍavastadā
13

Arjuna saw the entire world in the Supreme person of Sri Krisna in different forms.



tataḥ sa vismayāviṣṭo
hṛṣṭa-romā dhanañjayaḥ
pranamya śirasā devaṁ
kṛtāñjalirabhāṣata
[14]

arjuna uvāca paśyāmi devāmstava deva dehe
sarvāṁstathā bhūta-viśeṣa-saṅghān
brahmāṇamīśaṁ kamalāsanastham-
ṛṣīṁśca sarvān uragāṁśca divyān
[15]

Arjuna said to Sri Krisna with utmost reverence: I see in your body all Gods and other beings including the Brahma, seated in the lotus, Siva and many Risis and divine serpents.



aneka-bāhūdara-vaktra-netraṁ
paśyami tvāṁ sarvato 'nanta-rūpam
nāntaṁ na madhyaṁ na punastavādiṁ
paśyāmi viśveśvara viśva-rūpa
16

I see your supreme person with numerous hands and bellies, faces and eyes. But I cannot see your beginning, middle and end.



kirītinaṁ gadinaṁ cakriṇaṁ ca
tejo-rāśiṁ sarvato dīptimantam
paśyāmi tvāṁ durnirikṣyaṁ samantād
dīptānalārka-dyutim aprameyam
17

I see your person encrowned wielding clubs and discus (chakra) shinning and spreading light like the burning fire and the splendor of sun.



tvam akṣaraṁ paramaṁ veditavyaṁ
tvam asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam
tvam avyayah śāśvata-dharma-goptā
sanātanastvaṁ puruṣo mato me
18

I know you are the imperishable Brahma, the ultimate abode, shelter of all and the protector of the world. I know that you are the immortal Purushothama. It is Paramatma who is imperishable, the sustainer of the universe and the immortal consciousness to be realized.



anādi-madhyāntam ananta-vīryam
ananta-bāhuṁ sasi-sūrya-netram
paśyāmi tvām dīpta-hutāśa-vaktraṁ
sva-tejasā viśvam idam tapantam
19

I see your Supreme form without beginning, middle and end; with infinite powers, numerous hands, having eyes like the sun and the moon. I see your mouth flaming with fire by the radiance of which the whole world is scorching.



dyāvāpṛthivyor idam antaraṁ hi
vyāptaṁ tvayaikena diśaśca sarvāḥ
dṛṣṭvādbhutaṁ rūpam ugraṁ tavedaṁ
loka-trayaṁ pravyathitaṁ mahātman
20

I see your form being spread to all directions of the universe. The three worlds shiver seeing your dreadful form.



amī hi tvāṁ sura-saṅghā viśanti
kecid bhītāḥ prāñjalayo gṛṇanti
svastīty uktvā maharṣi-siddha-sanghaḥ
stuvanti tvām stutibhiḥ puṣkalābhih
21

A group of Gods enter into you, some folding their hands uttering your names and glories, out of fear. The great Risis and siddhas say “Let there be peace” and pray to you by sacred hymns.



rudrādityā vasavo ye ca sādhyā
viśve 'śvinau marutaścoṣmapāś ca
gandharva-yakṣāsura-siddha-saṅghāḥ
vīkṣante tvāṁ vismitāś caiva sarve
22

Many look upon You with severe anxiety and fear. They include eleven Rudras, twelve Adithyas and eight Vasus, Sadhyas and Visvedevas, two Aswini devas, fortynine Maruths, Manes, Gandharvas, Yakshas, Asuras and Siddhas.



rūpaṁ mahat te bahu-vaktra-netraṁ
mahā-bāho bāhu-bāhūru-pādam
bahūdaram bahu-damṣṭrā-karālaṁ
dṛṣṭvā lokāh pravyathitās tathāham
23

I and the whole world have become terrified and peaceless with shivering, seeing your Supreme person spread the whole universe, brightening with different colours and your big mouth open; endowed with numerous arms, thighs and feet, having a number of bellies looking fierce with many teeth.



nabhah-spṛśaṁ dīptam aneka-varṇaṁ
vyāttānanaṁ dīpta-viśāla-netram
dṛṣṭvā hi tvām pravyathitāntar-ātmā
dhṛtiṁ na vindāmi śamaṁ ca viṣṇo
24

I have become frightened and lost my control seeing your Supreme person extending up to heavens, bright, multi coloured with mouths wide open and with large flaming eyes.



daṁṣṭrā-karālāni ca te mukhāni
dṛṣṭvaiva kālānala-sannibhāni
diśo na jāne na labhe ca śarma
prasīda deveśa jagan-nivāsa
25

I am frightened and lost happiness and balance of mind altogether, seeing your dreadful faces and teeth; flaming like fire of total universal destruction. Therefore, You may please be kind enough to release me from the fear. The vision of the Supreme person of the Lord, though was mild and soothing to Arjuna, in the beginning; it developed into dreadful vision and Arjuna prayed to Krisna to be kind enough to release him from the dreadful sights.



amī ca tvāṁ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāh
sarve sahaivāvani-pāla-saṅghaiḥ
bhīṣmo droṇah sūta-putras tathāsau
sahāsmadīyair api yodha-mukhyaiḥ
[26]

vaktrāṇi te tvaramānā viśanti
daṁṣṭrā-karālāni bhayānakāni
kecid vilagnā daśanāntareṣu
sandṛśyante cūrṇitair uttamāṅgaiḥ
[27]

I see Dhrtarastra, along with his sons and soldiers and a host of kings entering into your open mouth. Bhishma, Drona and Karna also enter into your mouth along with some chief warriors on our side, and are crushed under your teeth. Some are stuck up between the gaps of your teeth’s with their heads crushed terribly.



yathā nadīnāṁ bahavo 'mbu-vegāḥ
samudram evābhimukhā dravanti
tathā tavāmī nara-loka-vīrā
viśanti vaktrāṇy abhivijvalanti
28

As the streams of various rivers merge into the sea, the powerful warriors enter in your flaming mouth.



yathā pradīptaṁ jvalanaṁ pataṅgā
viśanti nāśāya samṛddha-vegāḥ
tathaiva nāśāya viśanti lokāstavāpi
vaktrāṇi samṛddha-vegāḥ
29

As the little flies and insects speedily rush into the blazing fire to meet their end, solders speedily enter into your mouth for their extinction.



lelihyase grasamānaḥ samantāl
lokān samagrān vadanair jvaladbhih
tejobhir āpūrya jagat samagraṁ
bhāsas tavogrāh pratapanti viṣṇo
30

Lord, swallowing with your mouth you are licking people on all sides. You are burning the entire universe with the terrible radiance of fire.



ākhyāhi me ko bhavān ugra-rūpo
namo 'stu te deva-vara prasīda
vijñātumicchami bhavantam ādyaṁ
na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim
31

Arjuna prayed: I prostrate before you, please tell me who you are in the terrible form? Be pity on me I wish to know more about you the God of creation and your purpose.



śrī-bhagavān uvāca

kalo 'smi loka-kṣaya-kṛt pravṛddho
lokān samāhartum iha pravṛttaḥ
ṛte 'pi tvāṁ na bhaviṣyanti sarve
ye 'vasthitāh pratyanikeṣu yodhāḥ
32

Krisna said: I am Kala, the destroyer of the worlds. I am to destroy these people even without you and that all the warriors arrayed in the enemy side should die.



tasmāt tvam uttiṣṭha yaśo labhasva
jitvā śatrūnbhuṅkṣva rājyaṁ samṛddham
mayaivaite nihatāh pūrvam eva
nimitta-mātraṁ bhava savya-sācin
33

Therefore Arjuna, you arise and get ready to fight and win the glory and enjoy the rich kingdom. The warriors stand before us are already slain by Me and that you are only an instrument.



droṇaṁ ca bhīṣmaṁ ca jayadrathaṁ ca
karṇaṁ tathānyān api yodha-vīrān
mayā hatāṁs tvaṁ jahi mā vyathiṣṭhā
yudhyasva jetāsi raṇe sapatnān
34

Krisna asked Arjuna: kill Drona, Bishma, Jayadratha and Karna along with other warriors who stand already killed by Me. You need not fear, victory will be yours and therefore fight.



sañjaya uvāca

etac chrutvā vacanaṁ keśavasya
kṛtāñjalir vepamānaḥ kirītī
namaskṛtvā bhūya evāha kṛṣṇaṁ
sa-gadgadaṁ bhīta-bhītaḥ praṇamya
[35]
arjuna uvāca

sthāne hṛṣīkeśa tava prakīrtyā
jagat prahṛṣyaty anurajyate ca
rakṣāṁsi bhītāni diśo dravanti
sarve namasyanti ca siddha-saṅghāḥ
[36]

Sanjaya said: Arjuna bowed before Krisna hearing the words and spoke to him with extreme terror. The entire world worshipping you is very happy and loves you, the demons fearing run away in different directions and the virtuous are bowing before you



kasmācca te na nameran mahātman
garīyase brahmaṇo 'py ādi-kartre
ananta deveśa jagan-nivāsa
tvam akṣaraṁ sad-asat tat paraṁ yat
37

Arjuna said: You are the great and primordial cause even to Brahma and the Supreme Guru. How all do not bow before you? You are the visible and subtle, imperishable and the God of all Gods and the Brahma.



tvam ādi-devaḥ puruṣah purāṇastvam
asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam
vettāsi vedyaṁ ca paraṁ ca dhāma
tvayā tataṁ viśvam ananta-rūpa
38

Arjuna continued: You are the original deity and the most ancient entity and the ultimate abode of all. You are the knowledge and the knowable. You pervade the whole world in endless forms.



vāyur yamo 'gnir varuṇah śaśāṅkaḥ
prajāpatis tvaṁ prapitāmahaś ca
namo namas te 'stu sahasra-kṛtvah
punaś ca bhūyo 'pi namo namas te
39

You are Vayu (the wind God), Yama (the God of death), Agni ( the God of fire), the Moon God, Brahma (God of creations) and even the father of Brahma. I humbly bow before you a thousand times.



namaḥ purastādatha pṛṣṭhatas te
namo 'stu te sarvata eva sarva
ananta-viryāmita-vikramas tvaṁ
sarvaṁ samāpnoṣi tato 'si sarvah
40

Arjuna said: Krisna, you are the Lord of the universe with infinite powers. I offer my salutations to you from, in front of you and from behind. I revere and bow to you from all sides. You, have the limitless power, and pervade everywhere and you are everything.



sakheti matvā prasabham yad uktam
he kṛṣṇa he yādava he sakheti
ajānatā mahimānaṁ tavedaṁ
maya pramādāt praṇayena vāpi
[41]
yaccāvahāsārthaṁ asat-kṛto 'si
vihāra-śayyāsana-bhojaneṣu
eko'thavapyacyuta tat-samakṣaṁ
tat kṣāmaye tvām aham aprameyam
[42]

Without knowing the greatness of you I have addressed you ‘O Krisna, O Yadava, O comrade.’ It was due to my ignorance or love. I could not serve you well at plays, reposing, sitting or at meals. Kindly forgive me.



pitāsi lokasya carācarasya
tvamasya pūjyasca gurur garīyān
na tvat-samo'sty abhyadhikaḥ kuto 'nyo
loka-traye'py apratima-prabhāva
43

Krisna, You are really the father and Guru of this world. You are the most powerful in the three worlds.



tasmāt pranamya praṇidhāya kāyaṁ
prasādaye tvām aham īśamīdyam
piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuh
priyaḥ priyāyārhasi deva soḍhum
44

Arjuna prostrated before Krisna: You are the ruler of the universe and worthy of praise. I ask You to pardon me as a father to his son, friend to his friend and husband to his loving wife.



adṛṣṭa-pūrvaṁ hṛṣito 'smi dṛṣṭvā
bhayena ca pravyathitaṁ mano me
tadeva me darśaya deva rūpaṁ
prasīda devesa jagannivāsa
45

I feel transformed into happiness seeing your wonderful form which I did not see before. But at the same time there is fear in my mind. I pray to you to reveal me your Divine form of Vishnu with four arms; you are the abode of everything and the most gracious.



kirītinaṁ gadinaṁ cakra-hastam
icchāmi tvāṁ draṣṭum ahaṁ tathaiva
tenaiva rūpena catur-bhujena
sahasra-bāho bhava viśva-mūrte
46

Kindly reveal to me your Divine crowned form with four arms carrying a conch and discus in either of the two hands and lotus and club in other two hands; though you have thousands of arms.



śrī-bhagavān uvāca mayā prasannena tavārjunedaṁ
rūpaṁ paraṁ darśitam ātma-yogāt
tejomayaṁ viśvam anantam ādyaṁ
yanme tvadanyena na dṛṣṭapūrvam
47

Krisna said: I showed you my Divine Supreme forms as I am pleased with you. Nobody has seen My universal form, ever before, so effulgent, primal and infinite.



na veda-yajñādhyayanairna dānair
na ca kriyābhir na tapobhirugraiḥ
evaṁ-rūpaḥ śakya ahaṁ nṛloke
draṣṭuṁ tvadanyena kurupravīra
48

Krisna continued: Arjuna, nobody other than you could see my universal Supreme person even by studying Vedas, doing sacrifices, giving alms, by severe penance or by virtuous actions.



mā te vyathā ma ca vimūḍha-bhavo
dṛṣṭvā rūpaṁ ghoram īdṛṅ mamedam
vyapetabhih prīta-manāḥ punastvaṁ
tadeva me rūpamidaṁ prapaśya
49

Don’t be perplexed or feared seeing my dreadful forms; you may now behold My beautiful form; four armed form wearing the conch, discus, mace and lotus.



sanjaya uvāca

ityarjunaṁ vāsudevastathoktvā
svakaṁ rūpaṁ darśayāmāsa bhūyaḥ
āśvasayamāsa ca bhītamena
bhūtvā punaḥ saumyavapur mahātmā
50

Sanjaya told Dhrutaristra: Lord Krisna showed the beautiful and gentle form with four arms and consoled the frightened Arjuna.



arjuna uvāca

dṛṣṭvedaṁ mānuṣaṁ rūpaṁ
tava saumyaṁ janārdana
idānīmasmi saṁvṛttaḥ
sacetāḥ prakṛtiṁ gataḥ
51

Arjuna said: Krisna, I have regained my former state of composure and calmness seeing your gentle form.



śrī-bhagavān uvāca

su-durdarśamidaṁ rūpaṁ
dṛṣṭavānasi yanmama
devā apyasya rūpasya
nityaṁ darśana-kāṅkṣiṇaḥ
52

Krisna said: It is very difficult to see My Supreme form. Even gods like to see this form.



nāhaṁ vedairna tapasā
na dānena na cejyayā
śakya evaṁvidho draṣṭuṁ
dṛṣṭavānasi māṁ yathā
53

It is not possible by the study of Vedas or penance or by sacrifice to see My universal form as you have seen.



bhaktyā tvananyayā śakya
aham evam-vidho 'rjuna
jñātuṁ draṣṭuṁ ca tattvena
praveṣṭuṁ ca parantapa
54

Arjuna, it is only by one with determinate and stable mind and devotion can have the vision of my divine Supreme person and enter into Me.



mat-karma-kṛn mat-paramo
mad-bhaktaḥ saṅga-varjitaḥ
nirvairaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu
yaḥ sa māmeti pāṇḍava
55

Arjuna, to reach Me one should perform all his right duties devotedly depending on Me, without attachment to any objects and hatred to anybody. In the chapter of Viswaroopa Darshana, the vision of the Supreme person, Sri Krisna suggests that everything in this universe is originated from His own entity, the Supreme consciousness. Arjuna saw the most dreadful of the Supreme and most beautiful and gentle form of the Lord. Arjuna was satisfied. His fears subsided and his faith increased. He got ready for the war.